Health

Autism a significant health burden in India: Study

Autism a significant health burden in India: Study

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a significant health burden in India, according to a study, published in The Lancet Psychiatry journal, on Friday.

Autism spectrum disorder is a neurological and developmental disorder. The condition majorly affects how people interact, communicate, and behave with others.

The study, based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021, ranks autism among the top 10 causes of non-fatal health burden in youth under 20 years old.

The study showed that India had 708·1 case of ASD per 100, 000 persons in 2021. Of these, 483·7 were females, while 921·4 were males. About 140 per 100,000 persons suffered poor health and disability due to ASD in India in 2021.

Single-use plastic bottles may be spreading antibiotic resistance: INST study

Single-use plastic bottles may be spreading antibiotic resistance: INST study

Scientists from the Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) Mohali, an autonomous institution of the Department of Science and Technology (DST), have found that nanoplastics derived from single-use plastic bottles (SUPBs) may be contributing to the spread of antibiotic resistance.

Amid growing concerns about the joint threats of plastic pollution and antibiotic resistance, the new study, published in the journal Nanoscale, underscores an unrecognised public health risk.

Nanoplastics and microorganisms coexist in diverse environments, including the human gut, and research has shown them to affect health.

In the study, the INST team traced how plastic nanoparticles could impact bacteria. They focussed on Lactobacillus acidophilus -- which plays a central role in the gut microbiota.

Walking speed can predict metabolic health in obese people: Study

Walking speed can predict metabolic health in obese people: Study

Walking speed can be a quick, equipment-free tool for identifying metabolic health risks among people with obesity, according to a study.

The study, published in the Scientific Reports journal, suggests that a faster walking pace can prevent metabolic diseases in obese people. More than helping in increasing mobility, it can also signal poor health. Past studies have suggested that a slow walking speed is correlated with the development of cardiovascular diseases and an increased risk of mortality in the elderly.

The study by researchers from Doshisha University in Japan explored the connection between subjective walking speed and metabolic disease risk, particularly in individuals with obesity. The findings suggest that assessing how a person perceives their walking pace relative to peers could become a vital tool for public health.

1st malaria vaccine shows promise against rising cases: Report

1st malaria vaccine shows promise against rising cases: Report

The first blood-stage malaria vaccine RH5.1/Matrix-M has the potential to be a component within a developing malaria vaccine strategy, said a report on Thursday.

The report by GlobalData, a data and analytics company, showed that there are 11 other malaria vaccines currently in Phase II development.

As per a recent study by researchers in Burkina Faso and the UK, RH5.1/Matrix-M is safe, effective, and highly immunogenic.

US California declares state of emergency over bird flu

US California declares state of emergency over bird flu

California Governor Gavin Newsom declared a state of emergency in response to the outbreak of Avian influenza A (H5N1), commonly known as bird flu, which has infected 34 people in the Golden State.

According to the governor's office, this action came on Wednesday as cases were detected in dairy cows on farms in Southern California, "signaling the need to further expand monitoring and build on the coordinated statewide approach to contain and mitigate the spread of the virus."

To date, no person-to-person spread of bird flu has been detected in California and nearly all infected individuals had exposure to infected cattle, a press release from the office said, adding the state had already established the largest testing and monitoring system in the country to respond to the outbreak, news agency reported.

As of Wednesday, the H5N1 virus has spread in 16 states among dairy cattle, following its first confirmed detection in Texas and Kansas in March 2024, data from the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) showed.

Second Mpox case detected in Kerala

Second Mpox case detected in Kerala

With another person turning positive for Mpox on Wednesday, the total number of such cases in Kerala have reached two, forcing state health authorities onto a high alert.

State Health Minister Veena George said all those who have come into direct contact with the two positive cases and are having symptoms have to get in touch with the nearest health authorities.

The first case was reported last week when a Wayanad resident, coming from the UAE, turned positive and health authorities went on a high alert.

The second case is of a Kannur resident, also arriving from the UAE.

Both these people are now in isolation at the state-run Medical College hospital in Kannur.

Almost three quarters of Australian adolescents experience depression or anxiety: study

Almost three quarters of Australian adolescents experience depression or anxiety: study

Almost three-quarters of adolescents in Australia experience clinically significant symptoms of depression or anxiety, research has found.

The research, published on Wednesday by Melbourne's Murdoch Children's Research Institute (MCRI), found that 74 per cent of Australians reported experiencing clinically significant symptoms of depression or anxiety at least once across their adolescent years between the ages of 10 and 18.

Over 1,200 children from Melbourne enrolled in the study and had their symptoms of depression and anxiety tracked between 2012 and 2019.

Many factors distort blood pressure reading: report

Many factors distort blood pressure reading: report

More often than not, patients and even nurses and doctors are skipping steps that help paint an accurate portrait of someone's blood pressure -- how someone sits and positions their arm, whether they just had a cup of joe or chitchat with their practitioner during the measurement, and other factors can produce readings that are higher or lower than normal blood pressure.

"To really make a dent at improving people's cardiovascular health, we need to screen and treat people for hypertension, but we need to do it correctly," Tammy Brady, a pediatric nephrologist at the Johns Hopkins Children's Center in Baltimore who studies blood-pressure measurement and cardiovascular health in children and adults, told The Wall Street Journal.

"Getting the right reading is important for preventing heart attacks, strokes and other potentially fatal conditions," noted the newspaper, news agency reported.

J&K: Extensive survey in Rajouri to ascertain cause of food poisoning deaths

J&K: Extensive survey in Rajouri to ascertain cause of food poisoning deaths

After seven deaths were initially attributed to food poisoning earlier this month in Jammu & Kashmir’s Rajouri district, authorities have undertaken vigorous surveys to identify the actual medical cause of these deaths.

Seven members of two families died in Badhal area of Rajouri where doctors had initially said that food poisoning had caused these deaths.

“It is not a simple case of food poisoning. It could be contaminated water, petrified food or any lethal chemical that caused these deaths. It is a matter of thorough professional investigation”, official sources said.

In the aftermath of these deaths, J&K health minister, Sakina Itoo and tribal affairs minister, Javed Ahmad Rana visited Kotranka sub-division and chaired meetings of doctors, paramedical staff and the district administration.

US health insurance companies accused of multiple denials, delays: Surveys

US health insurance companies accused of multiple denials, delays: Surveys

Every year, US health insurance companies deny tens of millions of patient claims for medical expense reimbursements, and the tide of those denials has been rising.

The Washington Post on Monday cited surveys of doctors and other healthcare providers.

Insurers also have been increasingly demanding that doctors obtain approval before providing treatment, similar surveys show, causing delays in patient care that the American Medical Association says are "devastating," news agency reported.

While several states have passed legislation trying to restrict such practices amid growing public anger, insurers defend the coverage denials and "pre-authorisation" requirements. They say those measures are meant to contain rising costs and that their methods comply with federal and state regulations.

"Most frustrating, according to patient advocates, is that insurance companies often act without explanation, sending denial letters that offer only sparse justifications," said the report.

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